Learning objectives
- 1Identify robotic-assisted bronchoscopy platforms, intraoperative imaging modalities, nodule localization techniques, and ablation methods used in interventional pulmonology.
- 2Compare ventilation strategies, including the LNVP, VESPA, and jet ventilation protocols, and their application during robotic bronchoscopy and rigid bronchoscopy.
- 3Assess anesthetic management considerations for interventional pulmonology procedures, including agent selection and the emergency management of massive hemoptysis.